{"id":680,"date":"2021-04-16T13:41:10","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T11:41:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jornal.aprene.org\/Jorn9\/?p=680"},"modified":"2021-04-16T13:57:45","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T11:57:45","slug":"loncle-damerica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/?p=680","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;oncle d&rsquo;America"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>De rec\u00e8rcas a l\u2019entorn de l\u2019Occitan f\u00f2ra Fran\u00e7a me men\u00e8ron de descobrir l\u2019emigracion d\u2019unes occitans e en particular l\u2019ist\u00f2ria de la vila de Pig\u00fc\u00e9 en America de Sud intimament ligada a Avairon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Per comen\u00e7ar, vos voli\u00e1i faire partejar lo testim\u00f2ni d\u2019Alexandre CALMELS*, nascut en 1925 a la Barthe de Cassu\u00e8jols (12)&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab <em>Aqu\u00f2 \u00e8ra<\/em><em>n<\/em><em> tres fraires de mon grand-paire. Aqu\u00f2 \u00e8ra de monde que avi\u00e1n estudiat, \u00e8ran sabents. Sabe pas bien se aqu\u00f2 \u00e8ra per la gu\u00e8rra de 70, fot\u00e8ron lo camp en l\u2019aval. Tres parti(gu)\u00e8ron al Chili e un en Argentina. I fasqu\u00e8ron lor vida. N\u2019i avi\u00e1 un altre, lo pus jove, tir\u00e8t pas lo bon numer\u00f2 e atap\u00e8t cinc ans de regiment. Aqu\u00f2 costava benl\u00e8u l\u2019arg<\/em><em>e<\/em><em>nt de d\u00e8tz parelhs de bu\u00f2us per o far far a un altre. M\u00e8s cinc ans, aqu\u00f2 \u00e8ra pas un jorn ! E mon grand-paire \u00e8ra pas demorat a l\u2019ostau, que encara i avi\u00e1 son paire, \u00e8ra partit a Par\u00eds e fasi\u00e1 lachi\u00e8r. M\u00e8s que trobava pas bien de monde per m\u00f3lzer, cali\u00e1 de monde d\u2019aic\u00ed o de Bretons. Aic\u00ed, i avi\u00e1 una montanha e aquel que \u00e8ra partit al regiment sabi\u00e1 m\u00f3lzer, qu\u2019avi\u00e1 facha la montanha. Lo grand-paire avi\u00e1 avut de relacions ambe l<\/em><em>o<\/em><em>s <\/em><em>Rothschild, <\/em><em>avi\u00e1n fach tornar lo pus jove fraire de l\u2019armada.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><br>Lo fraire lo pus jove de mon grand-paire demor\u00e8t una setmana chas lo grand-paire, amont, e di(gu)\u00e8t al grand-paire :<br>\u201cAra que soi tornat, que m\u2019as fach venir, vau anar passar una setmana a l\u2019ostau, aval.\u201d<br>Lo grand-paire li di(gu)\u00e8t :<br>\u201cE ben vai-z-i.\u201d<br>Demor\u00e8t una setmana aic\u00ed e di(gu)\u00e8t als parents :<br>\u201cVau tornar veire lo German a Par\u00eds.\u201d<br>M\u00e8s que, tot en un c\u00f2p re\u00e7aup\u00e8ron una letra :<br><\/em><em>\u201cJe suis embarqu\u00e9 sur l\u2019Al Cantara \u00e0 Marseille pour l\u2019Argentine.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><br>Aquela paura femna, la maire de mon grand-paire, ne mori(gu)\u00e8t de chagrin\u2026 Lo qu\u2019an\u00e8t en Argentina vengu\u00e8t aic\u00ed veire son fraire en 1929. Aqu\u00f2\u2019s un vesin que lo port\u00e8t, que fasi\u00e1 voetura a volontat. Avi\u00e1 trobat una vesina e s\u2019\u00e8ran tornats con\u00e9isser, m\u00e8s i avi\u00e1 cinquanta ans que s\u2019\u00e8ran pas vistes.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lo vesin me di(gu)\u00e8t :<br>\u201cTe mene lo tonton d\u2019America, vai lo dire a ton paire !\u201d<br>T\u2019arrib\u00e8re a l\u2019ostau, avi\u00e1i quatre ans, e di(gu)\u00e8re :<br>\u201cPap\u00e0 ! I a lo tonton de la barrica !\u201d<br>Mon paire sorti(gu)\u00e8t per la cort e o an\u00e8t dire a son paire, mon grand-paire :<br>\u201cTen, i a ton fraire qu\u2019arriba !\u201d<br>Li di(gu)\u00e8t : \u201cM\u00e8s es pas m\u00f2rt ?<br>\u2013 E non, l\u2019as per La Barta !\u201d<br>Aquel \u00f2me margu\u00e8t lo cap\u00e8l, lo gilet n\u00f2u e mont\u00e8t. Aqu\u00f2 premi\u00e8r que li di(gu)\u00e8t :<br>\u201cCoss\u00ed si\u00e1s vengut vi\u00e8lh !\u201d<br>E l\u2019altre li di(gu)\u00e8t :<br>\u201cE tu atanben !\u201d<br>E s\u2019embrac\u00e8ron. Veg\u00e8re plorar mon grand -paire, aqu\u00f2 m\u2019avi\u00e1 frapat. <\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al d\u00e8tz-e-noven s\u00e8gle, de roergasses, pertocats per la crisi del fillox\u00e8ra e la tampadura de las minas de Decazeville, emigr\u00e8ron en America. Los territ\u00f2ris espandits d\u2019Argentina fogu\u00e8ron per d\u2019unes una t\u00e8rra d\u2019eleccion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A l\u2019origina de la colonia de Pig\u00fc\u00e9, situada dins la Pampa dins la prov\u00edncia de Buenos Aires, se tr\u00f2ba l\u2019avairon\u00e9s, Cl\u00e9ment Cabanettes, un ancian militari franc\u00e9s recrutat per l\u2019armada d\u2019Argentina. En 1884, per un bocin de pan, lo gov\u00e8rnament li balh\u00e8t 27 000 ectaras de t\u00e8rras sus d\u2019ancians territ\u00f2ris preses als indig\u00e8nas, per i establir de b\u00f2rias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Torn\u00e8t en Fran\u00e7a per trobar de colons e conv\u00e9ncer d\u2019unas familhas de s\u2019i installar. Lo 24 d\u2019octobre de 1884, lo \u00ab&nbsp;Belgrano&nbsp;\u00bb partigu\u00e8t del p\u00f2rt de Bord\u00e8u e lo 4 de decembre, un quarantenat de familhas per la m\u00e0ger part avaironesas, arrib\u00e8ron a Pig\u00fc\u00e9. L\u2019installacion de la colonia fogu\u00e8t complicada. Las t\u00e8rras \u00e8ran encara salvatjas, situadas dins una z\u00f2na gaireben desertica e las condicions climaticas f\u00f2rca diferentas de las que coneissi\u00e1n. Pas mens, aquelas dificultats arrest\u00e8ron pas los colons, los migrants contunh\u00e8ron de venir, la populacion de cr\u00e9isser e las condicions de vida se melhor\u00e8ron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los colons port\u00e8ron amb eles lor cultura e la lenga. L\u2019endogamia, es a dire lo maridatge al dintre d\u2019un meteis grop social, permet\u00e8t a la lenga de perdurar. Mas d\u2019unes factors coma l\u2019assimilacion progressiva a la societat argentina, la proximitat de lengas, la separacion provocada per la primi\u00e8ra gu\u00e8rra mondiala entre las familhas emigradas e las demoradas al pa\u00eds men\u00e8ron las personas a parlar lo franc\u00e9s pu\u00e8i lo castilhan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019anciana colonia vengu\u00e8t dempu\u00e8i una vila que compta d\u2019u\u00e8i un pauc mai de 13 500 estatjants. Un estudi realizat dins las annadas setanta m\u00f2stra que 12&nbsp;% de la populacion parlava encara l\u2019occitan e 70&nbsp;% lo compreni\u00e1. D\u2019u\u00e8i, 30 a 40&nbsp;% de la populacion se ditz d\u2019origina avaironesa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Emilia Tisn\u00e9 e la c\u00f2la<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><br><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><br><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De rec\u00e8rcas a l\u2019entorn de l\u2019Occitan f\u00f2ra Fran\u00e7a me men\u00e8ron de descobrir l\u2019emigracion d\u2019unes occitans e en particular l\u2019ist\u00f2ria de la vila de Pig\u00fc\u00e9 en America de Sud intimament ligada a Avairon. Per comen\u00e7ar, vos voli\u00e1i faire partejar lo testim\u00f2ni d\u2019Alexandre CALMELS*, nascut en 1925 a la Barthe de Cassu\u00e8jols (12)&nbsp;: \u00ab Aqu\u00f2 \u00e8ran tres [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":686,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-lenga-e-cultura-occitanas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=680"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":710,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680\/revisions\/710"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jorn9.aprene.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}